As a result of anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems and changes in the natural regime
rivers
Over the past thirty years, the Amu Darya and Syr Darya have lost 90-95% of the tugai forests in the
lower reaches and
deltas. FROM
exposed bottom of the sea, poisonous aerosols are transferred, which have formed due to discharge
into the sea
collector-drainage waters containing toxic herbicides and pesticides used in the 70-80s
the last century. According to experts, in each hectare of the bare bottom there is a meter layer of
soil
contains from 100 to 300 tons of salts, and in saline depressions - up to 500 tons. Every year since
naked
bottom
sea, 70-95 million tons of dust, sand, toxic aerosols rise into the atmosphere, causing
negative
impact on habitat, cultivated lands, human health. From the dried up eastern sea
already
carried out more than one billion tons of toxic dust over distances of 400-450 km, spreading to
territory of the Kyzylorda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Dashoguz region of
Turkmenistan, the Republic of
Karakalpakstan and Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.At the rate of one kilometer per
year
are moving
sandy massifs that form on the former seabed, poisoning and destroying all life. many times
wind activity and ecosystem degradation have increased.
In order to improve the environmental situation in the Aral Sea area and environmental
rehabilitation
basin
of the Aral Sea, the states are carrying out significant work to restore biodiversity and
deltaic
ecosystems, in particular by carrying out plantings from local trees and shrubs, the area
which over the past 20 years amounted to 483 thousand hectares, which is equivalent to 9.4% of the
total dry bottom area
Aral Sea.
Plantations of trees and shrubs proposed on the territory of the Muynak region on
site "Akhantay" with an area of 15 thousand hectares located in the north-east of the city of
Muynak, reservoirs
Muynak,
Rybachye, Mesopotamia, Makpalkol lakes are designed to reduce wind erosion, fix
moving
moving dune sands and preventing the ingress of salt and dust into the above mentioned objects.
The main strategy of the project aimed at creating protective forest plantations from
tree and shrub plant species on the site "Akhantay" of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea are:
- reduction of wind erosion, consolidation of already formed and newly formed
mobile dune sands, will minimize the processes of deflation, which means the removal of salt, dust
and sand from
the protected area will stop, that they will not fall on the city of Muynak, the reservoirs of
Muynak,
Fishing,
Mesopotamia, lakes Makpalkol and adjacent territories;
- improvement of the ecological situation with the help of trees and shrubs
vegetation that emits oxygen, absorbs carbon dioxide and accumulates dust, which will lead to
decrease in morbidity among the population of the Muynak region;
- the possibility of involving the assigned territories in the economic
circulation by
development of animal husbandry, which raises the living standards of the population.
This project will be implemented in the development of the project "Development of the drained
part of the Aral
seas on
on the basis of local salt and dust fixing plants (saxaul, cherkez, etc.)" developed by the Uzbek
State forest management and design and survey enterprise "Urmonloyiha".
The total area of the territory for the artificial creation of protective forest
plantations according to
consolidation
formed and newly formed mobile sands is about 11.6 thousand hectares. Present time
the
the project is being implemented by the Muynak State Forestry Enterprise, and by the end of 2015,
forest reclamation will be completed
work
on an area of 4.0 thousand hectares in the amount of 1,400 million soums.
The site for the implementation of the project is the site "Ahantay" which is located in the territory Muynaksky district, located in the north-east of the city of Muynak.
Mitigation of environmental tension in the Aral Sea region by creating protective forest belts plantations from local trees and shrubs, which will reduce the removal of salt and dust into Aral Sea, restoration of biodiversity and consolidation of formed and newly formed mobile dune sands on an area of 11.6 thousand hectares.
Nukus branch of EC IFAS, Muynak state forestry Department of forestry of the Republic Karakalpakstan.