«Creation of sensors of forest plantations on the site "Akhantay" of the drained bottom of the Aral Sea a sea of ​​carnivorous trees and shrubs»

1. Introduction

  As a result of anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems and changes in the natural regime rivers Over the past thirty years, the Amu Darya and Syr Darya have lost 90-95% of the tugai forests in the lower reaches and deltas. FROM exposed bottom of the sea, poisonous aerosols are transferred, which have formed due to discharge into the sea collector-drainage waters containing toxic herbicides and pesticides used in the 70-80s the last century. According to experts, in each hectare of the bare bottom there is a meter layer of soil contains from 100 to 300 tons of salts, and in saline depressions - up to 500 tons. Every year since naked bottom sea, 70-95 million tons of dust, sand, toxic aerosols rise into the atmosphere, causing negative impact on habitat, cultivated lands, human health. From the dried up eastern sea already carried out more than one billion tons of toxic dust over distances of 400-450 km, spreading to territory of the Kyzylorda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Dashoguz region of Turkmenistan, the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan.At the rate of one kilometer per year are moving sandy massifs that form on the former seabed, poisoning and destroying all life. many times wind activity and ecosystem degradation have increased.
 In order to improve the environmental situation in the Aral Sea area and environmental rehabilitation basin of the Aral Sea, the states are carrying out significant work to restore biodiversity and deltaic ecosystems, in particular by carrying out plantings from local trees and shrubs, the area which over the past 20 years amounted to 483 thousand hectares, which is equivalent to 9.4% of the total dry bottom area Aral Sea.
 Plantations of trees and shrubs proposed on the territory of the Muynak region on site "Akhantay" with an area of ​​15 thousand hectares located in the north-east of the city of Muynak, reservoirs Muynak, Rybachye, Mesopotamia, Makpalkol lakes are designed to reduce wind erosion, fix moving moving dune sands and preventing the ingress of salt and dust into the above mentioned objects.


2. Objective of the project

  The main strategy of the project aimed at creating protective forest plantations from tree and shrub plant species on the site "Akhantay" of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea are:
    - reduction of wind erosion, consolidation of already formed and newly formed mobile dune sands, will minimize the processes of deflation, which means the removal of salt, dust and sand from the protected area will stop, that they will not fall on the city of Muynak, the reservoirs of Muynak, Fishing, Mesopotamia, lakes Makpalkol and adjacent territories;
    - improvement of the ecological situation with the help of trees and shrubs vegetation that emits oxygen, absorbs carbon dioxide and accumulates dust, which will lead to decrease in morbidity among the population of the Muynak region;
    - the possibility of involving the assigned territories in the economic circulation by development of animal husbandry, which raises the living standards of the population.


3. Brief description of the project

 This project will be implemented in the development of the project "Development of the drained part of the Aral seas on on the basis of local salt and dust fixing plants (saxaul, cherkez, etc.)" developed by the Uzbek State forest management and design and survey enterprise "Urmonloyiha".
  The total area of ​​the territory for the artificial creation of protective forest plantations according to consolidation formed and newly formed mobile sands is about 11.6 thousand hectares. Present time the the project is being implemented by the Muynak State Forestry Enterprise, and by the end of 2015, forest reclamation will be completed work on an area of ​​4.0 thousand hectares in the amount of 1,400 million soums.


4. Project location

 The site for the implementation of the project is the site "Ahantay" which is located in the territory Muynaksky district, located in the north-east of the city of Muynak.


5. Project efficiency

 Mitigation of environmental tension in the Aral Sea region by creating protective forest belts plantations from local trees and shrubs, which will reduce the removal of salt and dust into Aral Sea, restoration of biodiversity and consolidation of formed and newly formed mobile dune sands on an area of ​​11.6 thousand hectares.


6.Project executor

 Nukus branch of EC IFAS, Muynak state forestry Department of forestry of the Republic Karakalpakstan.